Which atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb performance?

The choice that accurately identifies atmospheric conditions that reduce aircraft takeoff and climb performance is high temperature, high humidity, and high density altitude.

High temperature negatively affects aircraft performance because warmer air is less dense. This decreased air density leads to a reduction in engine power, reduced lift generated by the wings, and a longer takeoff roll. High humidity further compounds this effect, as moist air is also less dense than dry air. This means that with both high temperature and high humidity, the aircraft's engines produce less thrust, there is less lift available for takeoff, and the overall performance capability of the aircraft is diminished.

Additionally, high density altitude means that the elevation of the airfield is significant relative to the standard atmosphere. At high density altitudes, which can be caused by warm temperatures or high humidity, aircraft are effectively operating at higher altitudes where air density is lower, resulting in even further reduced performance.

In contrast, low temperature and high humidity or combinations involving high pressure and low relative humidity tend to support better performance conditions for aircraft. These conditions enhance lift and engine efficiency, making them more conducive to successful takeoff and climb.