When flying a VFR approach at night, what tendency do pilots typically experience?

When flying a VFR (Visual Flight Rules) approach at night, pilots often experience a tendency to have a lower-than-normal approach. This can occur due to various factors, including the reduced visibility of visual references and the misleading perceptions created by nighttime conditions. At night, pilots rely heavily on their instruments and may misjudge their altitude relative to visually undetectable terrain or runway elevation, leading to the decision to maintain a lower approach.

Additionally, the lack of surrounding visual cues, such as lighted landmarks or the horizon, can contribute to a misperception of height and distance, prompting pilots to descend lower than intended. This effect can be amplified by the phenomenon known as "black hole approach," where pilots may fixate solely on the runway lights without adequately accounting for their altitude and descent rate.

Recognizing this tendency is crucial for pilots to compensate appropriately, ensure better situational awareness, and adhere to safe approach angles and altitudes during night operations.